IBM’s Watson takes on brain cancer

Analyzing genomes to accelerate and help clinicians personalize treatments

IBM왓슨과 암게놈 기반의 개인맞춤의약

New York Genome Center (NYGC) and IBM are collaborating to analyze genetic data to accelerate the race to personalized, life-saving treatment for brain cancer patients.

IBM's Watson cognitive computing system will be designed to analyze the genomic data from a small group of patients diagnosed with glioblastoma, one of the most aggressive and malignant brain cancers. Also the most common type of brain cancer in adults, glioblastoma kills more than 13,000 Americans each year.

IBM and NYGC's computational biology experts are renowned for accelerating life sciences discoveries using deep analytical approaches and next generation information technologies.

The system, expected to be deployed as a cloud-based prototype, will combine modern genomic analytics and comprehensive data bases of medical biomedical literature with Watson’s cognitive computing power to help clinicians uncover individual genetic patterns of glioblastoma. IBM will be taking advantage of NYGC’s genomic and clinical expertise to continue to develop and refine the Watson system with the shared goal of transforming care for all types of cancer, based on the genetic characteristics of that person’s cancer.

With a decade of research and development behind it, the Watson prototype is IBM’s first solution specifically targeted at interpreting data from genomic data. By analyzing gene sequence variations between normal and cancerous biopsies of brain tumors, Watson will then be used to review medical literature and clinical records to help clinicians consider a variety treatments options tailored to an individual’s specific type and personalized instance of the cancer.

Normally, a diagnosis of glioblastoma presents a prognosis of about a year to live, depending on the stage and spread of the cancer at the time. This includes the difficult period of interpreting the best treatment based on the knowledge and information at hand. The Watson system is designed to complement rapid genome sequencing and to help dramatically reduce the time from gathering the genomic data of an individual's tumor variant to clinical interpretation, enabling clinicians to more rapidly make decisions on how they can treat their patients.

Oncologists could use the cloud-delivered system in real-time to analyze genetic data with the intelligent machine curation of comprehensive biomedical literature and drug databases. This analysis can help pinpoint potential therapeutic options that are specific to a patient’s cancer genome, to aid oncologists in their treatment and care decisions.

As these types of intelligent systems become commercially available in medicine, it is expected that many more patients will have access to treatments that are increasingly more tailored to their disease's DNA. The system can continually "learn" as it encounters new patient scenarios and as more information becomes available through new medical research, journal articles and clinical studies.

"As genomic research progresses and information becomes more available, we aim to make the process of analysis much more practical and accessible through cloud-based, cognitive systems like Watson," said Dr. John E. Kelly, Senior Vice President and Director of IBM Research. "With this knowledge, doctors will be able to attack cancer and other devastating diseases with treatments that are tailored to the patient’s and disease’s own DNA profiles. This is a major transformation that can help improve the lives of millions of patients around the world.”

http://www.research.ibm.com/articles/genomics.shtml